Coke-oven



(No Model.)

H.. M. PIERCE.

GOKE OVEN.

No. 318,496. Patented May 26, 1885.l

IJETTEE STATES PATENT FFTCE.

HENRY M. PIERCE, OF NASHVILLE, TENNESSEE.

COKE-OVEN.

SPECTFICATIOII forming part of Letters Patent No.318,496, dated May 26, 1885.

Application filed July 31, 1884. (No model.)

To @ZZ whom t may concern:

Be it known that I, HENRY M. PIERCE, a citizen of the United States, residing at Nashville, in the county of Davidson and State of Tennessee, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Coke-Ovens; and I hereby declare the following to be afull, clear,and eXact description of the same, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, in which- Figure l is a vertical central section of an oven embodying my improvements. Fig. 2is a horizontal section on the line x a: of Fig. 1, showing interior of coking-chamber. Fig. 3 isa similar section on the line yy, Fig. l, showingthe combustion flues or chamber below the coking-chamber. Fig. 4 illustrates in crosssection my invention as applied to a circular kiln.

Like letters refer to like parts wherever they occur.

This invention relates to the construction of that class of coke-ovens more especially intended to utilize the volatile matter and gases given off or evolved from the charge during the coking process, for the purpose of supplying the heat by which the coking process is conducted.

The main feature of the present invention consists in combining with a coking-chamber having a series of combustion flues or chambers arranged immediately under the cokingchamber, wherein the gas eliminated from the charge is burned, one or more iiues or downtakes, which gather the gases, &c., from the coking-chamber and deliver them to the combustion chambers or lines.

A secondary feature consists in forming the coking-chamber with a sloping floor or mound inclining in all directions from the gas-exit flue or iiues to the doors or disehargeopenings` of the oven, whereby the withdrawal of the coke is facilitated after the coking process is completed.

There are other and minor details of novel construction, as will hereinafter more fully appear.

Iwill now proceed to describe myinvention more specifically, so that others skilled in the art to which it appertains may apply the same.

The oven is composed of the coking-chamber A, the combustion-chamber B, arranged immediately below the iioor of the coking chamber, and the vertical gas-exit flue C, which extends from the middle or upper part of the cokingchamber A down into the combustionchamber B.

In constructing the coking-chamber it is provided with the usual doors, a, for withdrawing the coked charge when the process is completed, and the charging-holes c for introducing the fresh charge of green coal.

At or near the center of the oven, if the same is circularor along or at intervals along its middle, if the oven is rectangular-I provide one or more vertical gas-exit pipes, G, of such height as will cause the top thereof to extend into the upper part of the coking-chamber and rise above any probable charge the oven will contain, and the iioor c I cause to slope in all directions from said pipe or exit-flue or from the center point or lines of the oven down to the several doors through which the coke is to be withdrawn. This construction facilitates the removal of the coke when the coking process is completed. This gas-exit iiue C dclivers into the combustion chamber B, ar ranged immediately under the door of the coking-oven.

If the oven is circular, the combustion-chambers B will be formed by a series of concentric perforated walls, b; but if the oven is rectangular,then a series of parallel broken walls, e, may be employed, and in either case a series of zigzag passages leading to the chimneys D will be obtained,which will prolong the travel of the burning gas below the coking-chamber, and thus insure its full heating effect.

c indicates iiues or chambers extending from the outer walls of the oven,at the base thereof, into the combustion-chamber B, and serve a twofold purpose-Airs@ as a means by which the infiammable gas escaping from the cokingchamber A through tlue C may be ignited in the combustion tlues or chambers B; and,secondly, as a means for supplying air to support the combustion in the said lues.

The construction being substantially of the character hereinbefore set forth,the oven may be operated as follows: The doors c having been closed and the coking-chamber A charged with the coal to be coked, the coal may be ignited above in the usual manner and the coking process allowed to proceed until inflammable gases begin to issue through the charging-ports a-, The charging-ports a are then closed and the gases evolved from the charge caused to descend through vertical gas-exit C into combustion-chamber B, wherein they are ignited through ports e, and, receiving a proper supply of air, continue to burn in and traverse the zigzag iiues immediately under the floor of the coking-chamber. As the upper layer of the charge is thus deprived of air and the heat is applied to the lower layer of the coal7 the coking process will cease in the up perlayer and set in or begin inthe lower layer,

and the coking process will then progress gradually from below upward7 so that no tarry matter and imperfectly-coked mass will remain at the bottom of the charge, the gas evolved from the coking charge will be utilized. and but little loss will be sustained by the tirst step of the processor commencing the coking process by igniting the upper layer of :.he charge.

Another way to start the oven is by means )f a gas or other iiame introduced into the ombustion-chamberV B through one of the oorts e', for the preliminary firing7 this being Vlontinued,and the charging-holes a being kept )pen until the gas from the charge becomes niiammable7 when the ports a may be closed, 1nd the gas evolved will of its own accord descend flue C, become ignited in the combustion-chamber B, and thenceforth continue to operate as hereinbefore speciticd.

Having thus set forth the nature7 advantages, and operation of my improved coking-oven,

what I claim7 and desire to secure by Letters .the upper part of the coking-chamber with the combustion-chamber, the door of the cokingchamber being inclined from the gas-exit flue to the dischargedoors of the coking-chamber, substantially as and for the purposes specified.

In testimony whereof I have affixed my signature, in presence of two witnesses, this 28th day of July7 1881.

HENRY M. PIERCE. Titnessesz R. W. BAGoT,

STEWART CHURCH. 

